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Painting and Calligraphy from the Liaoning Provincial Museum
Before the twentieth century, educated Chinese regarded calligraphy and painting not only as polite arts, but also as a mark of what it meant to be civilized. With the intrusion of the West in the nineteenth century, the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911, and the decades of war and revolution that followed, most aspects of traditional culture were called into question. Also, modern, Western-style, visual media (graphics, photography, film) began to play a role in everyday life, changing people’s ways of seeing the world, particularly in urban areas. Traditional calligraphy and traditional painting didn’t vanish but they no longer occupied a central place in the lives of the elite. Perhaps a signpost in this new cultural landscape is the 1925 opening of the Forbidden City as a museum. It marked the transition of the imperial collection from a rarefied world of connoisseurship to the public realm of “Guobao” or “National Treasures.”
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